Automatic gas-feed for vacuum-tubes.



D. MuF. MOORE.

AUTOMATIC GAS FEED FOR VACUUM TUBES.

APPLICATION-FILED NOV. B, 1906.

Patented Nov. 8, 1919.

PHH H um n WITNESSES:

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i v I v uivrrnn STATES mm mm Q u l'mnm moons, or NEWARK, N EW .isnsnir,Assmivon TQMOOBE ELEC- mmcn 00., or new Yonx, it. 1., A CORPORATION orNEW roan.

aurom'rrc GAS-FEED roii. vacuum-Turns. v

975,149, Specification of Letters Patent, Patented-N 8, 191() aApplication fled November a, 1 06. Serial ir -342,474.

To all whom it ma/g'concem' eter for admitting gas to said tube or per-55- v 13 it known th t I, DANIEL MGFARLAN, mitt-mg itsescapeautomatically according Moore, a citizen of the United States, and a asthe o eration of the tube results in a deresident of Newark, in the.county of Essex crease 0 the gas or vapor tension or an inand State'ofNew Jersey; with post-ofl'ice adcrease of'the same'from normal. 7

dress 52-La'wrence stree ,have invented cer- Briefly .stated, myinvention consists in so tain new and useful Improvements in Autothecombination with a vacuum tube, of matic Gas-Feed for Vacuum-Tubes,ofwhich electro-magnetically operated means for adthe following is a secification. mitting .or removing gas from the tube,

10 My invention reates to that class of demeans such as the operativeportion of a vices termed vacuum tubes and W l110l1 are manometersubjected to the varying elastic as supplied with electrodes orterminals for pressure of the gas or vapor Within the tube,

' causing electric energy to pass through the and a variable resistancecontrolling the 'circontained gas or vapor. v cuit action of theelectro-magnetica ly 0 er- The invention is particularly useful for ateddevices and subject to variations 0 re vacuum tube or vapor electriclamps, but sistance produced by'the action of the ma- 7o may also, beapplied to vacuum or vapor nometer. Preferably, such variations ofrerectifiers, X-ray tubes wireless tele aph sistance are broughtabout bythe mechaniapparatus or other devices which emp oya eal action of themanometer directly upon vacuum through which the electric energy thevariable resistance devices, which latter passes. may be, and in manycases preferably is, the 75 The object of" my invention is to preventoperative portion comprising the diaphragm changes in the degree ofvacuum due to the and variable resistance of telephone transj assage ofthe electric energy and consists mitteriof the type in which ainass ofgranuin an improved means for. automatically lar'carbon is employed.When such a vasupplying the gas or vapor of the vacuous, riableresistance device is used, the manomspaces so as to maintain the desiredgas or eter may act directly upon the diaphragm vapor tension. of thetransmitter. a 5

More particularly stated, the object of my The type of manometer which Irefer to 3'0 invention is to automatically control the use and which isespecially suited or opervacuum or de ree of vapor or gas tension atirigupon the variable resistance is the within the tu e or inclosure for theelecc aneroid type or one employing a diaphragm trodes in such way thatthe control will be upon which the gas or vapor acts directly. entirelyindep ndent of line voltage, length To obtain a delicate action, Ibalance the as of tube, int nsity of ig co r, rans ormer diaphragms ofthe manometers against one Power i I and 'Other variable anothermechanically and obtain the confactor. trolling action by the.difierential effects" due A further object is to'securean'exceedtochange in the tension of the gas in the in'gly refined,sens'tive or' delicate action tube upon the exhaust or low tension sideof 40 without the employment of mechanical moa manometer.This.combination of Ina-110m-v tion-multiplyingdevices q eter diaphragmsalso has the advantagethat "A further objectof my invention to 'itsecures compensation for variat ons "of permitthe control of the vacuumor ten- 1 barometric pressure by aeorre'cting or om- "sion to be broughtaboutby the employment gensatingbarometer whose,efiectsj counter- "46 ofamanometer-controlled valvein such {ay alance or opposeth efiects'uponfthe' diathat the operation of the manometer s all ,phragin orother portion'fof the 'inaii'ometer not be afiected or disturbed bybarometric hieh feels th e changes of gasor vapor tenchanges. w a;sion,within'.the vacuousfspace. In a" priorap'plication' for" patent ;filed by; invention ,ic onsists further the 50 me May i8th, 1906, S-"N'315,,728, -I have iSPBClfllmCOIIlblllflbiOIlS of devices hereinafterclaimed broadly the combination withia described and then specified inthe'cl' aims, 106 vacuum tube, ofaa manometer connected- In theaccompanying drawings, Figurevl with-the 'gasesface' within the tube andis aa general vertieal. sectionandgside' elevameans'controll or operatedbythevmanomtionof the essential portio s,,"-of" devices chamber 4 to thematerial.

3 invention.

-l1qu'1d acting as a seal which maybe employed inv carrying out my Fig.2 is an enlarged s1deelepartial section 0 vation and valve. I

In carrying out my invention, I preferably maintain, the gas or vaportension by supplying gas to the tube by admitting such gas in regulatedgas of greater tension than that in the tube.

As a preferred form ofv valve, I use one operating by changes of liquidlevel, the

to shut or port or passage through which the gas may feed to the tube,"but other forms of valve might be used without departing from myinvention. The form shown is described in my prior Patent N o.820,364,'dated May 8th, 1906, and in my application filed as a diviopenthe r sional application April 16th, 1906.

The manometer employed may be either the form in which liquid is usedand the tension of the gas or vapor measured by difierences in theheight of a liquid column,,or may be of the anero'id-type, e., one inwhich no liquid is used and the pressure or tension is measured by anelastic metal-disk or plate, or anyother form of vacuum pressure gagemay be used.

3'is a feed tube through which gas may be fed into tube 1 from anysource, and 4 is g va}ve chamber of o y 0 gas at any desired tensionater than that in the tube is maintained The source of as may be a tank,or might be the atmosp ere, or a gas generator mi ht be connected to thespace 4 or air mig t be passed to such space through phosphorus for thepurpose of removing its oxy en when the tube 1 is operatedas a lamp. hemeans for supplfving gas to the valve cha her 4, however, orms no partof my present invention. The valve shown is of the kindaiscribed in myprior patents and applications and comprises essentially a plu 10 ofsome porous material like gas car on which fits into theend of the gasfeed tube 3 and has a pointed terminal ada ted to be covered anuncovered by variations in the level of" a liquid 5 like mercury inwhich the plug is immersed as shown. When the t' is uncovered, "gas maypass slowly from t e valve tube 3 through the porous The changes inlevel are produced through eter which is connected to) the vacuousspaoein tube 1 through, for instance, a tube 6 and which manometer acts tochan e the condition of a variable resistance which in.

turncontrols the circuit of a'magnet p ating to change the level,

as desired.

7 indicates a thin corru ted" disk of a manometer, one side of sai diskbeing exa formof any form in which a the operation of the manom-.

Tube 3 may be connected to the tube 1 at one or more points amount froma body. of p diaphragms 7,

'phragm 7 ;diaphragm 7 to move in pressure to the V will fall in 1n thetube'l through the connection6. 1 9 is a plate or. dia

posed to the variations o fgaseous tension pression between the suitablebacking 14 transmitter so that with an increase 0 sure on the diaphragm9, the resistance of the circuit including said granular material 13 orother variable resistance, electricity 15 and'an electromagnet 16operating on a plunger 11 in the manner described in my prior patentbefore referred to, will decrease there magnet to operate with increasedpower and operate the valve.

phragm of a telephone transmitter containing granular. material like.granular ca'rbon.

13 1s the granular material subject'to comdiaphragm' 9 and a as in anytele hone;

presa source of Variable pressure may be applied the granular materialby movecommunicated to carbon or other ments of the diaphragm 7 theplate or diaphragm 9 in any desired I manner preferably through a systemof motion mu tiplying prise a lever as 8 connected to the by anextension of its short arm and connected by a link 18 tothe short arm ofanwhich in turn engages the other lever 8" diaphragm or plate 9. Opposedin action to the diaphragm 7, so far as changes or barometric pressureare concerned, 18 another diaphragmv 7 also connected or attached to anextension of the short arm of lever 8. By means of this compensatindiathe apparatus will be una ected y changes of barometric presure whileat the same time any variations of the gas or tually upon the I themagnet. By this arrangement I obtain an exceedinglv sensitive actionsince the two 7 act against one another and the operation of the device8 or other device is brought about by the differential pressure effectsupon the diaphra s resulting from changes 'of'tension in t e space atthe rear of diaphra 7.

In the operation of e apparatus a lessen ingof the gaseous tension in 1causes the h a direction to apply plate 9, thereby decreasing theresistance in the circuit of the magnet 16. The latter thereu n raisesthe lunger, thus caus' theleve of the liquid in the valve. chaidger' ,tofall and permit a slight amount of gas to flow through the feed" tube 3thus restoring the vacuum to its normal degree, whereupon the manometerresumes its normal position and the a resumption of the action is v Incase the tube,1 is the tube 0 tube lamp, the electrodes may be internalelectrodes of carbon and the action will be as already described,namely, the tension thetube thro reddiaphragm tube 1"will operate efiecresistance in the circuit of flow stops until gh use of the lamp.-

devices which may comso by permitting the mace- The devices describedwill act to restore or maintain that tension in the'manneralready'tromagnetically operated means for controlling theflow of gas in saidpassage, de-

vices subject to the varying elastic pressureof the gas or vaporWithinthetube, a variable resistance controlling the action of theelectromagnetically operated devices, said variable resistance being inturn controlled by and responsive to the devices subject to the varying.elastic pressure of the gas or vapor.

"ch'an es of barometric pressure.

2. The combination of a vacuum tube, means for passing gas through a'passage way connected to the tube, a controlling electromagnet, avariable resistance and operative devices of an aneroid manometer,operatin on said resistance to vary the action of t e electromagnet.

3. The combination of a vacuum tube, an electro-magnetically, controlledvalve controllin the passage leading to and fromsaid tu e, a variableresistance, devices subject to. the varying elastic pressure of the gasor vaporv in the tube, and means connecting .said resistance and saiddevices, whereby said resistance will be varied response to changes inthe gas or vapor ten-1 sion in the tube.

4. The combination of a vacuum tube, an elec'tro-magnetically actuatedvalve controlling the passa e leading to and from the tube, a mass 0granular carbon in'the circuit of the electro-ma et, a diaphragm subjectto the varying e astic pressure of the gas or vapor within the tube anda disk acting on said carbon and mechanically connected with thediaphragm so as tovary the com ression of the mass of granular carbon wen a variation in the gas or va or tension within the tube affects theiaphragm; 3 i v 15. The combination of a-vacuum tube, 'devicesresponsive to variations in the elastic pressure of the ases within thetube, means controlled there y for feeding gas to the tube, and meansfor compensating for. the changes of barometric pressure upon saiddevices. a 6. The combination of a vacuum tube, an electro-magneticallycontrolled valve controlling a gas plassage to the tube, a variableresistance in t e circuit of the electro-nragnet, a manometricdiaphragmsubject to;

changes of gas or va ortension in the tube, means controlled by t ediaphragm for varying the resistance and a compensating device operatedop ositeliv to saiddiaphragm upon the contro ling evice in response to ahe combination with a vacuum tube,

tube, being opposed to one mate y of devicesforpassing gas throu h apas-I sage Way connected with the tu e and a pair of manometer.diaphragms-controlling the action of saidfdevices, said diaphragmsanother in respect, to barometric changes and one of them being subjectto variations of the gas or vapor tension in the tube.

The combination of avacuum tube, a gas valve control-ling the passageleadingto the tube, a palr of aner'oid manometer diaphragms opposed inaction to one another as respects barometric changes and one responsiveor subject to variations of gas or vapor tension in the tube, and meanscontrolled by said manometer dia hragms for governing the action of theva ve.

9. The combination of a vacuum tube, an

electro-magnetically controlled valve governing the gas or vaportension, a variable carbon resistance, an elec'tro-magnet connected tothe circuit of the resistance and controlling the valve, and a pair ofaneroid barometer disks or diaphragms controlling the variableresistance, opposed in action to one another as respects barometricchanges, while one of them is subject to variations of tension in thetube.

10. The combinatiomwith a vacuum tube,

of the operative devices for two manometers balanced against oneanother,'one having a constant vacuum and the other a vacuumvarying-with the tension in the tube, and means controlled by saidoperative devices for adjusting the gaseous tension within the tube.

11. The combination with a vacuum tube, of .two diaphragms formanometers of the aneroid type balanced inaction against one another,one diaphragm having a constant vacuum and the other ,a vacuum varyinwith the tension of gas in the tube an means controlled by saiddiaphragms for adjusting the gaseous tension of the tube.

'12. The combination of a vacuum tube, operative devices for twomanometers balanced against one another, one having a constant vacuum avalve controlling the admission of gas to thetube, 'a magnet foroperating the valve and a variable. resistance connected to thea circuitof the magnet and actuated by said operative devices.

13. The combination of a vacuum tube, two aneroid manometer diaphragmsbalanced against one another, one of said diais having a constant orapproxiconstant vacuum on one side and on the other side a vacuumvarying with the tension of gas in thetube, a granular transmittrtelephone diaphragm connected with the manometer 'diap net connected tothe circuit of the granules and a valve actuated by the magnet andconphra ragms, an electromag I trolling the flow of gas in a passage wayance and avalve actuated by the magnet connected to the tube. a v andcontrolling the flow of air or other 14; The combination of a vacuumtube, through a passage connecting with the tu diaphragms for twomanometers of the Signed at New Yorkin thecounty of New 5 aneroid typeop osed in action to one an- York and State of New York this 17th day 15other and one 0 said diaphragms bein ex-' of October A. D. 1906. posedto changes of elastic pressure 0% the DANIEL MoFARLAN MOORE. gas withinthe tube, a carbon resistance op- Witnesses: erated by said: diaphragman electromag- C. F. TIsonm-, Jr., 10 net connectedto the circultof saidresist- LILLIAN BnoNn.

